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Owe money in several places?
Which to pay first

For anyone juggling a few debts at once
and feeling the knot in their stomach
No. 55Money & BusinessPart 5 of 7Fact-checked Oct 3, 2026Updated Oct 4, 2026
Video2:41 · English voice (AI) · English subtitles

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The full narration of the video.

You owe money in several places at once. Your stomach knots up, and you don't know which one to pay first. Take a breath. Today we'll do just one thing: put them in order. Picture three things going wrong at home at once. A fire, a leak, a dead light bulb. You put out the fire first.

Debts work the same way. Don't just pay whoever yells the loudest. Ask of each one: what happens if I don't pay? Tier one: the ones that stop your life or your shop if they're cut off. Rent, power and water, wages, taxes. Tier two: the ones that go on your credit record and keep growing. Bank loans, credit cards, online loans.

In China, a bad mark like that stays on your record for five years after the debt is settled. Tier three: the ones you can talk through. Suppliers, family, friends. Last tier: the ones that can wait. What if one tier holds several debts? There are two ways to choose.

One: pay the highest interest first. You pay the least extra overall. That's the avalanche method. Two: pay the smallest balance first. One fewer person chasing you, fastest. That's the snowball method. One study followed nearly six thousand people paying off debt. The number of debts they cleared predicted who finished better than the amount they paid.

Clearing them one by one keeps you going. For debts with no interest, both ways cost the same, so pick the snowball. Next, take a sheet of paper and draw thirteen boxes. One box per week, about three months. In each box, write what comes in and what goes out that week. You can see right now which week will fall short.

For that short week, go talk to the people you owe, ahead of time. Don't hide. When you talk, give a specific date and amount. Pay part of it first. Once you agree, write it down. Finally, hold two lines. First: never take on costlier new debt to pay off old debt that charges no interest.

Second: debt takes up room in your head. Studies found that when people worry about money, their thinking gets stretched thin. So put the debts on one sheet and look at it once a week. The rest of the time, your mind is free for living. You don't have to pay it all at once. You only need to know which one comes next.

1

Put out the fire first

A fire, a leak and a dead bulb, all at once at home: you put out the fire first.

Debts work the same way. Ask of each one: what happens if I don't pay?

Don't just pay whoever yells the loudest. The U.S. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (the government office that looks after people who borrow) gives the same advice to people who can't cover every bill: protect your home and your income first, then sort the rest.

2

Sort them into four tiers by “what happens if I don't pay”

Tier 1 Cut off, and you can't live or open your shop
Rent, power and water, staff wages, taxes
In China, if rent stays unpaid after the landlord asks, the lease can be ended; if a power bill stays unpaid after a reminder, the power can be cut.
Tier 2 Goes on your credit record and keeps growing
Bank loans, credit cards, online loans
Late payments land on your personal credit record. In China, a bad mark stays there for 5 more years after the debt is settled.
Tier 3 The ones you can talk through
Suppliers, family and friends
Not skipping them — sitting down and agreeing on timing.
Last The ones that can wait
No deadline, no interest, nobody chasing
An example (made-up numbers)
Rent3,000Tier 1
Credit card5,000Tier 2
Loan from a friend2,000Tier 3

Rent first, then the card, then talk to your friend. The biggest balance doesn't automatically go first.

3

Several debts in one tier: which one?

Avalanche
Highest interest first
You pay the least extra overall. Cheapest.
Snowball
Smallest balance first
The fastest way to have one fewer person chasing you. Each one cleared is one less worry.

Research says: the snowball is easier to stick with.

One study followed nearly 6,000 people paying off debt: how many debts they had fully cleared predicted who finished better than how much money they had paid. In another set of experiments, people who put their money on one debt at a time paid off about 15% faster than people who spread it evenly.

For debts with no interest (like a loan from a friend), the order doesn't change what you pay. So pick the snowball.

Either way: keep up the minimum on every debt so none goes late. Put whatever is left on one debt at a time.

4

Draw a 13-box sheet

One box per week, thirteen boxes, about three months.

Money inWhat comes in this week
Money outWhat goes out this week
Find the red boxThe short week, seen ahead of time

Thirteen weeks is short enough to guess well and long enough to fix things. Plenty of companies run their cash on this same sheet: each week that ends, they add one more at the far end, so they always see three months ahead.

5

Talking beats hiding

For the short week, go to the people you owe ahead of time. Don't wait for them to come to you.

Name a datee.g. “by the 15th next month”
Name an amounte.g. “1,000 now”
Pay some firstA little now shows you mean it
Write it downA confirming text message counts

The CFPB's advice: if you can't make a payment, call the person or company you owe and explain why. A money educator at the University of Illinois puts it more bluntly: if you don't ask, the answer is no.

6

Hold two lines

Never take costlier new debt to pay off old debt that charges no interest A friend's loan costs you no interest. Taking a high-interest online loan to repay your friend sooner just swaps a cheap debt for an expensive one.
Put the debts on one sheet; look at it once a week Money worries take up room in your head. A 2013 study had people who were short on money think about a big expense before a test, and their scores dropped noticeably — the researchers compared it to losing a full night's sleep. Later teams repeating this kind of experiment got mixed results. Still, writing the debts down so they stop circling in your head costs you nothing.
You don't have to pay it all at once.
You only need to know which one comes next.
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